Add writeup on plugins.

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Stephen Chung
2020-08-30 23:13:47 +08:00
parent 512951cceb
commit 4d9aad816c
9 changed files with 416 additions and 9 deletions

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Create a Plugin Function
========================
{{#include ../links.md}}
Sometimes only a few ad hoc functions are required and it is simpler to register
individual functions instead of a full-blown [plugin module].
Macros
------
| Macro | Apply to | Behavior |
| ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |
| `#[export_fn]` | Rust function defined in module | Export the function |
| `#[rhai_fn(return_raw)]` | Rust function returning `Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>>` | Specify that this is a fallible function |
| `register_exported_fn!` | [`Engine`] instance, register name, function name | Register function with the [`Engine`] under specific name |
| `set_exported_fn!` | [`Module`], register name, function name | Register function with the [`Module`] under specific name |
`#[export_fn]` and `register_exported_fn!`
-----------------------------------------
Apply `#[export_fn]` onto a function defined at _module level_ to convert it into a Rhai plugin function.
The function cannot be nested inside another function - it can only be defined directly under a module.
To register the plugin function, simply call `register_exported_fn!`. The name of the function can be
any text string, so it is possible to register _overloaded_ functions as well as operators.
```rust
use rhai::plugins::*; // import macros
#[export_fn]
fn increment(num: &mut i64) {
*num += 1;
}
fn main() {
let mut engine = Engine::new();
// 'register_exported_fn!' registers the function as 'inc' with the Engine.
register_exported_fn!(engine, "inc", increment);
}
```
Fallible Functions
------------------
To register [fallible functions] (i.e. functions that may return errors), apply the
`#[rhai_fn(return_raw)]` attribute on plugin functions that return `Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>>`.
A syntax error is generated if the function with `#[rhai_fn(return_raw)]` does not
have the appropriate return type.
```rust
use rhai::plugins::*; // import macros
#[export_fn]
#[rhai_fn(return_raw)]
pub fn double_and_divide(x: i64, y: i64) -> Result<Dynamic, Box<EvalAltResult>> {
if y == 0 {
Err("Division by zero!".into())
} else {
let result = (x * 2) / y;
Ok(result.into())
}
}
fn main() {
let mut engine = Engine::new();
// Overloads the operator '+' with the Engine.
register_exported_fn!(engine, "+", double_and_divide);
}
```